.png)
The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared the ongoing Mpox outbreak, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a global public health emergency. This declaration comes in response to the alarming rise in cases, with over 14,000 reported in 2024 alone, resulting in 524 deaths. The emergence of a new strain, Clade 1b, which is believed to spread more rapidly, has heightened concerns among health officials and the global community .
Understanding Mpox
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a viral infection closely related to smallpox. Initially identified in monkeys in 1958, it has since been recognized as a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. The symptoms of Mpox include:
- Fever
- Headaches
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Distinctive pus-filled rash
Transmission occurs primarily through direct skin-to-skin contact, saliva, bodily fluids, and contact with contaminated surfaces or objects .
The Current Situation
The DRC is currently the epicenter of the Mpox outbreak, with the majority of cases and deaths concentrated there. The virus has also spread to at least 13 other African nations, as well as parts of the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Travelers to and from central and eastern Africa are particularly at risk, especially those who have close contact with infected individuals or animals. India has reported around 27 cases since the disease was first detected in mid-2022, indicating a growing concern for potential outbreaks in the region .
Vaccination and Treatment
While there is no specific treatment for Mpox, vaccines developed for smallpox can be effective due to the similarities between the two viruses. Vaccination is most effective when administered within four days of exposure and is recommended for high-risk groups. In response to the outbreak, India has ramped up measures such as surveillance, contact tracing, and public health advisories. Access to Mpox vaccines through Emergency Use Listing is expected to bolster these efforts .
The Deadly Potential of Mpox
Although Mpox can lead to severe symptoms, it is particularly deadly for vulnerable populations, including children, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immune systems. The fatality rate in the DRC has been reported at approximately 4% for the more virulent Clade 1b, while the previously circulating Clade II had a much lower mortality rate during the global outbreak in 2022 .
A Call for Global Action
WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has emphasized the need for a coordinated international response to curb the spread of Mpox. The situation is critical, especially given the high percentage of cases among children in the DRC. As health authorities mobilize to address the outbreak, the global community must prioritize resources and support to prevent further transmission and protect vulnerable populations .
Comments