Why Do india's fugitives hide away in the UK?

London has emerged as a preferred sanctuary for individuals fleeing legal troubles in their home countries. Indian fugitives like Lalit Modi, Vijay Mallya, and Nirav Modi have famously sought refuge in the UK, sparking curiosity about why the city continues to be such a popular escape destination. Let’s explore the key reasons behind this phenomenon.

1. The Golden Visa Program

One major factor is the UK’s now-defunct Tier 1 (Investor) visa, also known as the "Golden Visa." This program, introduced in 2008, allowed wealthy individuals to gain UK residency by investing £2 million. It provided an easy and legal route for high-net-worth individuals, including those facing legal challenges. Although the program was suspended in 2022, many wealthy fugitives had already secured residency through this channel.

2. Extradition Complexity

The UK’s extradition process is notoriously challenging. It requires detailed evidence and adherence to strict legal protocols, making it a difficult and lengthy procedure for requesting countries. Over two decades, India has made numerous extradition requests, but only a small percentage have resulted in successful extraditions. This demonstrates the significant legal and procedural barriers that complicate such cases.

3. Prolonged Legal Appeals

The UK legal system allows for extensive appeals, often resulting in prolonged trials that can last for years. For instance, Vijay Mallya’s extradition case, which began in 2016, is still unresolved due to continuous appeals. Such delays give fugitives the time and space to further solidify their defenses or explore other legal loopholes.

4. Prison Condition Arguments

A common argument made by fugitives is that prison conditions in their home countries do not meet international standards. Nirav Modi used this claim during his legal battle, arguing that returning to India would subject him to inhumane treatment. UK courts often take such concerns seriously, further complicating extradition cases.

5. Financial Infrastructure

London is one of the world’s leading financial hubs, making it an attractive destination for those looking to manage or hide assets. The city offers a wide range of financial services and avenues to move money discreetly. This infrastructure allows fugitives to maintain their wealth while dealing with ongoing legal battles.

6. Expert Legal Support

The city is home to some of the world’s top legal professionals who specialize in defending high-profile clients. These lawyers are adept at exploiting legal loopholes, filing appeals, and prolonging cases to their clients’ advantage. Their expertise often plays a pivotal role in keeping extradition cases stuck in legal limbo.

London’s appeal as a haven for fugitives lies in its combination of historical policies like the Golden Visa, a complex and defendant-friendly legal system, and its status as a global financial hub. While the UK has taken steps to tighten its immigration and extradition rules, the existing legal framework and financial infrastructure continue to make it a sought-after refuge for those looking to evade justice.